Cetie Glossary: Key terms in Glass and PET Packaging

a

Definition:

In the context of a pump for a perfume flacon, an "accumulator" generally refers to a component within the pump mechanism that helps store and control the pressure or force needed for the pump to dispense the perfume. The accumulator in a pump for perfume serves as a reservoir for the liquid product (perfume) and helps maintain a consistent pressure or force within the pump system. This pressure or force is necessary to push the perfume out of the bottle when the pump is activated.

Synonym(s):

Motor, Cartridge, or Body

Source:

Guide No.12 - Recommendation for flaconnage crimping

Illustration:

Accumulator

Additional information:

See §4.2, Figure 22, page 23 from GUIDE N°12 - RECOMMENDATION FOR FLACONNAGE CRIMPING.

4 - Accumulator

Definition:

An actuator in a spray pump refers to the component responsible for initiating and controlling the release of the liquid or substance being sprayed. It is the mechanism that transforms a source of energy, such as mechanical force or manual pressure, into the spraying action. In a spray pump, the actuator is typically the part that you press, squeeze, or trigger to dispense the liquid in the form of a spray. It activates the pumping mechanism and controls the flow of the liquid, allowing it to be evenly distributed as a spray or mist. Actuators in spray pumps can come in various forms, such as triggers, buttons, levers, or nozzles, and they play a pivotal role in delivering the desired spray pattern and coverage.

Synonym(s):

Spray head

Source:

Guide No.12 - Recommendation for flaconnage crimping

Illustration:

Actuator

Related term(s):

Flacon Flaconnage Snap-on pump

Additional information:

See §4.2, Figure 22, page 23 from Guide n°12 - Recommendation for flaconnage crimping

8 - Actuator

Definition:

The American Institute of Baking (AIB) is committed to protecting the safety of the food supply chain and delivering high value technical and educational programs. The AIB Consolidated Standards for Food Contact Packaging Manufacturing Facilities were published as a tool to allow these facilities to evaluate the product safety risks within their operations and to determine their level of compliance with the criteria in the Standards.

Source:

FS13.00 - Food safety management - Recommendations to implement a system of reference

Related term(s):

BRC IFS IOP

Definition:

An ASTM standard refers to a technical specification, guideline, or protocol developed and published by ASTM International (formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials). ASTM International is an organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services. These standards are meant to establish consistent practices and specifications for various industries and sectors. ASTM standards cover a diverse array of topics, including materials, products, testing methods, dimensions, classifications, terminology, and more. They play a crucial role in ensuring product quality, safety, and interoperability across industries and regions. Organizations, manufacturers, regulatory bodies, and researchers often refer to ASTM standards to ensure that their products, processes, and materials meet recognized industry benchmarks. ASTM standards are typically developed through a consensus-based process involving experts from industry, academia, government, and other relevant stakeholders. This process ensures that the standards reflect the collective knowledge and expertise of the relevant community. Once a standard is developed and approved, it is published and made available for reference and use by those who require guidance on specific technical matters.

Synonym(s):

American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM International

Source:

DT11.00 - Standards & procedures for the control of manufacture of bottles for beverages with a carbonation level greater than 2g CO2/l

b

Definition:

A baffle mark is an imperfection or line that appears on the surface of a glass container, typically at the bottom or the side. This mark is created by the contact between the molten glass and the baffle plate during the initial stages of the container's formation in the mould.

Source:

DT23.01 - Glass container nomenclature

Illustration:

Baffle mark

Additional information:

See Table 1 — Nomenclature of a glass container from data sheet DT23.01 - GLASS CONTAINER NOMENCLATURE.

18 - Baffle mark

Definition:

The very bottom of the bottle. Sometimes marked with recycle codes, manufacturer or other information.

Source:

DT23.01 - Glass container nomenclature

Illustration:

Base

Related term(s):

Mouth-based parallelism

Additional information:

See Table 1 — Nomenclature of a glass container from data sheet DT23.01 - GLASS CONTAINER NOMENCLATURE.

Definition:

In the context of glass container design, the term "bearing surface" refers to the area on a container where it makes contact with a surface or support. This contact area is designed to provide stability, balance, and support for the container when it's placed on a flat surface, such as a shelf, table, or display.

Source:

DT23.01 - Glass container nomenclature

Illustration:

Bearing surface

Related term(s):

Base Mouth-based parallelism

Additional information:

See Table 1 — Nomenclature of a glass container from data sheet DT23.01 - GLASS CONTAINER NOMENCLATURE.

Definition:

A seam or line on the surface of a glass container formed during the initial shaping process using blank molds. It is usually more prominent initially and is often minimized or removed in subsequent finishing stages.

Source:

DT23.01 - Glass container nomenclature

Illustration:

Blank mould seam

Additional information:

See Table 1 — Nomenclature of a glass container from data sheet DT23.01 - GLASS CONTAINER NOMENCLATURE.

16 - Blank mold seam

Definition:

The bore of a glass container refers to the internal diameter of the opening or mouth of the container.

Synonym(s):

Throat

Source:

DT23.01 - Glass container nomenclature

Illustration:

Bore

Related term(s):

Bore diameter Choked bore - Restricted

Additional information:

See Table 1 — Nomenclature of a glass container from data sheet DT23.01 - GLASS CONTAINER NOMENCLATURE.

Definition:

The bore diameter of a glass container refers to the internal diameter of the opening or mouth of the container. Its measurement is crucial for ensuring compatibility with the capping operation.

Source:

DT23.01 - Glass container nomenclature

Illustration:

Bore diameter

Related term(s):

Bore Choked bore - Restricted

Definition:

In 1998 the British Retail Consortium (BRC) in UK developed and introduced the BRC Food Technical Standard intended for the evaluation of manufacturers of retailers own brand food products. Work on the BRC Global Standard began in 1996. The standard was created to establish a standard for the supply of food products and to be used as key piece of evidence by UK retailers and brand owners to demonstrate their “due diligence” in the face of potential prosecution by the enforcement authorities. It has been extensively revised to reflect the revised EU legislation and continuous best practice requirements.

Source:

FS13.00 - Food safety management - Recommendations to implement a system of reference

Related term(s):

AIB FDA HACCP IFS IOP

Definition:

This feature is intended to facilitate the opening of the bottle by providing a predetermined point where the cap can be easily separated or broken away from the rest of the cap. This is seen in caps that have tamper-evident seals.

Source:

Guide No. 7 - Metallic screw capping with threaded plastic or aluminium insert for still wines

Illustration:

Bridge line

Related term(s):

Break torque

Additional information:

See §5.1, Figure 3, page 14 from Guide n°7 - Metallic screw capping with a threaded plastic or aluminum insert for still wines

c

Definition:

Point “X” is the contact point of the closure lug and the glass thread helix during the opening process. (VLF 53, 58, 63, 66 and 70 mm sizes only) This point is given as a minimum dimension between the sealing surface and the upper flank of the lower portion of the thread. This point is important as it initiates the opening process by lifting the closure and releasing the vacuum.

Source:

FS03.00 - Glass manufacturing controls for vacuum lug and press-on finishes

Definition:

Cava wine is a type of sparkling wine that originates from Spain, specifically from the Catalonia region. It's known for its traditional production methods, including the use of the "Méthode Champenoise" or "Traditional Method," which involves a second fermentation in the bottle to create the characteristic bubbles.

Source:

GME13.07 - Comparison of glass finishes for sparkling wines and other carbonated beverages

Related term(s):

Carbonation Traditional method

Definition:

"Chrome Oxide Coated Steel" refers to a type of steel material that has been coated or treated with a layer of chromium oxide. This coating provides several beneficial properties that make it suitable for various applications, including metallic caps dedicated to bottles and jars, such as Twist-off Caps, and Crown Caps.

Synonym(s):

Electrolytically chrome, Tin Free Steel (TFS),
Abbr.: ECCS

Source:

Guide No. 4 - 26 mm crown capping

Related term(s):

Cap shell Crown capsule

Definition:

The main part of the 'closure top' is made of plastic comprising:

Thread or snap-on features to engage with a counter feature at the bottle finish
Seal elements can be separated (2-piece) or moulded in one part (1- piece)
Bridges connect closure with TE band

Source:

DT23.04 - Plastic closure glossary and nomenclature

Related term(s):

Cap Cap body Cap shell Closure

Definition:

Cold-end coating is a surface treatment applied to glass containers at the exit of the annealing lehr. This process involves the application of a lubrication layer, which can include compounds such as organic waxes (e.g., ester waxes), polyethylene emulsions, polyethylene glycols, and their fatty acid esters or mixtures of fatty acids (e.g., oleic acid). Cold-end coating reduces friction and improves abrasion resistance, preserving glass strength and enhancing handling throughout manufacturing and filling. The materials used must comply with health regulations in the countries where the containers are filled and distributed.

Source:

DT13.00 - Glass containers - Surface treatment

Definition:

This is the most common term for a device used to extract cork stoppers from wine bottles. It typically consists of a spiral metal rod with a handle that you twist into the cork, allowing you to pull it out.

Synonym(s):

Wine opener, Cork puller, Cork extractor

Source:

DT25.00 - Recommendations for design of cork removal devices

Related term(s):

Cork mouth finish

Definition:

The crimping head allows to align, clamp and secure of the pump ferrule on the flacon neck finish.

Source:

Guide No.12 - Recommendation for flaconnage crimping

Illustration:

Crimping head

Related term(s):

Rotating head crimping machine

Additional information:

See Figure 1 from ?GUIDE NO.12 - RECOMMENDATION FOR FLACONNAGE CRIMPING

Definition:

A crown cap is a type of closure commonly used for sealing glass bottles, particularly those containing carbonated beverages. It features a flat top with a crimped, skirt-like edge that fits over the bottle's mouth and is crimped onto the bottle's finish to create a secure, airtight seal. Crown caps are usually made of metal, often lined with a liner to ensure a tight seal and prevent the contents from contacting the metal directly.

Source:

EC1.02 - 26mm crown cap

Illustration:

Crown capsule

Definition:

Units of Coating Thickness (CTUs) refer to a standardised measurement system used to quantify the thickness of a coating applied to a surface.
This measurement is expressed in specific units that are designed to provide a consistent and uniform way to describe the thickness of coatings, regardless of the material or application.
CTUs help ensure accurate and comparable assessments of coating thickness across various industries and processes

Synonym(s):

Coating Thickness Unit

Source:

DT13.00 - Glass containers - Surface treatment

d

Definition:

Measuring device consisting of a circular graduated dial and a pointer actuated by a member that contacts with the part being measured

Source:

DT15.51 - Flaconnage - Testing procedure: Glass finish planarity measurement method

Illustration:

Dial gauge

Related term(s):

Digital-indicator gauge Gauge

Additional information:

See Figure 1 - Measurement jig with guide with dial gauge from DT15.51 ?Flaconnage - Testing procedure: Glass finish planarity measurement method.

Definition:

Measuring instrument in which the axial displacements of a plunger are obtained by a transducer and converted into an electronic signal by suitable electronic means and transmitted to a physically integrated digital display

Source:

DT35.00 - Flaconnage - Label area planarity test

Related term(s):

Dial gauge

e

f

Definition:

The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), often referred to simply as the FDA Act, is a significant piece of legislation in the United States that governs the regulation of food, drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices. It was enacted by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1938. The primary purpose of the FD&C Act is to protect public health and ensure the safety and efficacy of products that people consume or use.

Key provisions and responsibilities under the FD&C Act include:

Food Safety: The FD&C Act gives the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) the authority to oversee and regulate the safety and labeling of food products, including additives and dietary supplements. It establishes standards for food manufacturing, packaging, and labeling to prevent adulteration and misbranding.
Drug Regulation: The Act provides the FDA with authority to approve and regulate pharmaceutical drugs, ensuring they are safe and effective for their intended uses. It also governs drug labeling and promotion, as well as the approval process for new drugs.
Cosmetic Regulation: The FD&C Act includes provisions related to the safety and labeling of cosmetics to prevent the sale of harmful or misbranded products. Cosmetics are not as tightly regulated as drugs but must be safe for consumer use.
Medical Device Regulation: The Act establishes a framework for the regulation of medical devices, ranging from simple tools to complex machines and implants. The FDA classifies medical devices into different categories based on their level of risk, with higher-risk devices subject to more stringent requirements.
Adulteration and Misbranding: The FD&C Act prohibits adulteration (contamination or impurity) and misbranding (false or misleading labeling) of food, drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices. It empowers the FDA to take action against products that do not meet safety and labeling standards.
Enforcement: The Act provides the FDA with enforcement powers, such as product recalls, seizures, and injunctions, to address violations of its provisions.
New Drug Approval: The FD&C Act outlines the process by which pharmaceutical companies can seek FDA approval for new drugs, including clinical testing requirements.
Post-Market Surveillance: The FDA continues to monitor products even after they have been approved or introduced to the market to identify and address any safety concerns or emerging issues.

Synonym(s):

Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic act

Source:

FS13.00 - Food safety management - Recommendations to implement a system of reference

Definition:

A ferrule (or cup) is the aluminium component of the pump which secures the pump to the flacon after crimping. The gasket contained in the ferrule is compressed and seals the flacon

Synonym(s):

Cup

Source:

Guide No.12 - Recommendation for flaconnage crimping

Illustration:

Ferrule

Related term(s):

Actuator

Additional information:

See §4.2, Figure 22, page 23 from GUIDE NO.12 - RECOMMENDATION FOR FLACONNAGE CRIMPING

3- Ferrule

Definition:

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is a numerical simulation technique used to analyze and predict the behavior of complex engineering and physical systems. It is widely employed in various fields, including mechanical, civil, aerospace, and structural engineering, as well as materials science and physics. FEA breaks down a complex system into smaller, simpler components or "finite elements," which are interconnected to model the overall behavior of the system.

The key steps in performing a Finite Element Analysis are as follows:

Modeling: The physical system or structure is divided into smaller, interconnected elements. These elements can be simple shapes like triangles or rectangles in 2D, or tetrahedrons, hexahedrons, or other shapes in 3D. The way these elements are connected defines the geometry and topology of the model.
Discretization: Each element is described by mathematical equations that represent its behavior under different conditions, such as stress, strain, temperature, and other relevant factors. These equations are derived from the fundamental principles of physics and engineering.
Assembly: The system's behavior is described by a set of equations that relate the conditions and responses of all the individual elements. These equations are combined into a large system of linear equations, which collectively describe the overall behavior of the entire system.
Solution: The system of equations is solved numerically using specialized algorithms, often involving matrix operations and iterative techniques. This solution process calculates the unknown variables, such as displacements, stresses, and strains, for each element.
Post-processing: The results of the analysis are interpreted and presented visually. This can include generating contour plots, diagrams, and graphs that show the distribution of various parameters across the analyzed structure. Engineers and researchers use these visualizations to make informed decisions about the system's design, performance, and safety.

Finite Element Analysis allows engineers and researchers to predict how a system will behave under various conditions without the need for physical prototypes or extensive testing. It can help optimize designs, identify potential weaknesses, and improve the performance and safety of structures and components. FEA software packages are widely available and vary in complexity, catering to different application domains and levels of expertise.

Synonym(s):

FEA

Source:

DT14.01 - Guidelines for the use of returnable glass containers

Definition:

Glass containers (generally of small size) designed to contain pharmaceutical, cosmetic, perfumery, or chemical products.
The following are excluded from Cetie definition:

Miniatures
Small jars (e.g. individual portions of jam).

Source:

DT15.00 - Flaconnage - Standard tolerances

Related term(s):

Flaconnage Non-round container

g

Definition:

In the context of a pump for a perfume flacon, a "gasket" refers to a sealing element or material used to create a tight and secure seal between different components of the pump or between the pump and the bottle's neck.

Here's how a gasket functions in this context:

Between Pump Components: A gasket might be placed between various parts of the pump assembly, such as the pump head and the pump body. It helps prevent leakage of the perfume or air between these components, ensuring that the pump functions effectively and doesn't leak.
Between Pump and Bottle Neck: When the pump is placed on the neck of the perfume flacon, a gasket can be used to create a tight seal between the pump and the bottle's opening. This prevents any perfume from leaking out of the bottle when the pump is not in use.

Gaskets are often made from rubber, silicone, or other flexible materials that can conform to the surfaces they are placed between. They provide an important barrier against leaks and help maintain the quality of the perfume while also ensuring that the pump operates smoothly and efficiently. Gaskets play a crucial role in preserving the fragrance, preventing contamination, and enhancing the overall user experience of the perfume flacon.

Source:

Guide No.12 - Recommendation for flaconnage crimping

Illustration:

Gasket

Additional information:

See §4.2, Figure 22, page 23 from Guide n°12 - Recommendation for flaconnage crimping

6 - Gasket

Definition:

In the context of testing packaging such as glass or PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) containers for thickness, planarity, and uniformity of packaging, a "gauge" refers to a measuring instrument or device. This measurement is important in various industries, including packaging, as it ensures that the packaging materials meet specific quality, security, and performance requirements.

Source:

DT15.51 - Flaconnage - Testing procedure: Glass finish planarity measurement method

Illustration:

Gauge

Related term(s):

Dial gauge Digital-indicator gauge

Additional information:

Here an example of a "Dial gauge" used to test the planarity of a finish for flaconnage articles made of moulded glass.
See Figure 1 - Measurement jig with guide with dial gauge from DT15.51 Flaconnage - Testing procedure: Glass finish planarity measurement method.

Definition:

The difference in distance, measured in a horizontal plane at the top of the finish, between the axis passing through the centre of the finish and the vertical theoretical finish axis of the flacon. The value of this distance is equal to the radius of the circle made by the centre of the finish as the flacon turns around the theoretical axis of the finish.

Source:

DT15.04 - Flaconnage - Verticality tolerances

Related term(s):

Flacon Flaconnage

h

Definition:

CCvD-HACCP Hygiene specifications were drawn up in the Netherlands in 1998 by the HACCP Central Board of Experts. This specification is titled Criteria for the testing of an operational HACCP System. These were based on HACCP principles and directives for their application as included in the Codex Alimentarius, with the addition of a limited number of quality management requirements. It has also been used as a basis to develop the ISO 22000.

Source:

FS13.00 - Food safety management - Recommendations to implement a system of reference

Related term(s):

AIB BRC IFS IOP

Definition:

Hot-end coating is a surface treatment applied to glass containers immediately after they leave the forming machine and before entering the annealing lehr. This process involves the deposition of metallic oxides, typically tin compounds, to preserve glass strength and enhance handling during manufacture and filling. The treatment reduces friction and improves abrasion resistance on the outer surface of the glass.
Hot-end coating is measured in CTU (Coating Thickness Units) with an AGR Finish Coating Meter or similar.

Source:

DT13.00 - Glass containers - Surface treatment

Definition:

The process of hot sealing is a technique used in the packaging industry to securely close a container, usually made of plastic, by using heat to melt a layer of material and bond it to another surface. This process is commonly used to seal packages such as pouches, blister packs, caps, and other flexible containers.

Here's how the hot-sealing process works:

Packaging Preparation: The packaging is prepared by placing the product inside, whether it's food, medicine, electronics, etc.
Positioning: The packaging is placed between the jaws of a hot-sealing machine. These jaws are typically heated and feature patterns or shapes that will help create the seal.
Heating: The heated jaws are pressed against the edges of the packaging to be sealed. The applied heat melts the top layer of the packaging material, which is usually made of plastic or another thermoplastic material.
Pressure: In addition to heat, pressure is applied to ensure a strong bond between the melting surfaces.
Cooling: Once the seal has been formed and the surfaces have been bonded, the melted material begins to cool and harden, creating an airtight seal between the two parts of the packaging.

Hot-sealing is often used to preserve the freshness of products, prevent contamination, and extend their shelf life. It also provides security benefits, as it allows for easy detection if the packaging has been tampered with, as a broken seal would be visible. There are different types of hot-sealing machines, each suited to specific needs, such as bar sealing, conveyor belt sealing, induction sealing, etc. Each method can vary in terms of compatible packaging materials, production speed, and other factors.

Source:

DT15.51 - Flaconnage - Testing procedure: Glass finish planarity measurement method

Related term(s):

Sealing surface

i

Definition:

IFS In 2002, to create a common food safety standard for companies supplying retailer-branded food products, German food retailers from the HDE (Hauptverband des Deutschen Einzelhandels) developed a common auditing standard called International Food Standard or IFS. In 2003, French food retailers (and wholesalers) from the FCD (Fédération des Entreprises du Commerce et de la Distribution) joined the IFS Working Group and contributed to the development of IFS version 4. The aim of the IFS is :

to create a consistent evaluation system for all companies supplying retailer-branded food products;
to perform audits following uniform auditing procedures;
to allow mutual recognition of audits to achieve a high level of transparency throughout the supply chain.

Source:

FS13.00 - Food safety management - Recommendations to implement a system of reference

Related term(s):

AIB BRC HACCP IOP

Definition:

In the context of a glass neck finish design for a bottle or flacon, an "insert" refers to a separate component that is placed or fitted into the opening of the bottle's neck. Inserts are often used to provide additional functionalities, enhance sealing, or offer customisation options for the bottle's closure system.

Here are a few scenarios where inserts might be used in glass neck finish design:

Pouring Inserts: Some bottles, especially those used for liquids like oils or sauces, might have a specialised pouring insert. This insert helps control the flow of the liquid, preventing spills and drips during pouring.
Aesthetic Inserts: In premium or decorative bottle designs, an insert might be added to enhance the visual appeal of the bottle's neck. This could include a metal or decorative plastic insert that adds a touch of luxury or uniqueness.
Sealing Inserts: Inserts can contribute to the sealing mechanism of the bottle. They might include features that enhance the bottle's airtight seal, helping to preserve the contents' freshness and preventing leaks.
Customisable Inserts: Some bottle designs allow for customisation through inserts. These inserts can be branded with logos, information, or designs, adding a personalized touch to the bottle's closure system.

In essence, an insert in glass neck finish design is an additional component that is carefully integrated into the bottle's neck to provide specific functions, improve aesthetics, or offer customisation options.

Source:

Guide No. 2 - Metallic screw capping for non-carbonated liquids, foodstuffs and pharmaceutical products on BVP type glass finishes

Related term(s):

Neck

Definition:

The Technical Standard for Food Packaging Manufacturers, was developed jointly by the British Retail Consortium (BRC) and the Institute of Packaging (IOP) in UK. It sets out certain hygiene and quality requirements for the manufacturers of packaging supplying the food industry. The first issue of the packaging standard was published in 2001. The standard is now in its second edition, and although it is still primarily intended to cover food and drink packaging, it has been extended to include the packaging of other non-food items.

Source:

FS13.00 - Food safety management - Recommendations to implement a system of reference

Related term(s):

AIB BRC HACCP IFS

j

k

Synonym(s):

Stippling

Source:

DT23.01 - Glass container nomenclature

Illustration:

Knurling

Related term(s):

Baffle mark Blank mould seam Mould seam

Additional information:

See Table 1 — Nomenclature of a glass container from data sheet DT23.01 - GLASS CONTAINER NOMENCLATURE.

19 - Knurling (or stippling)

l

Definition:

In the context of a bottle capping system, a "liner" refers to a material that is placed inside the cap of a bottle before it is screwed onto the bottle's neck. The liner serves as a seal or barrier between the cap and the contents of the bottle. Its primary purpose is to provide various functions such as sealing, preserving freshness, preventing leakage, and ensuring the integrity of the product inside the bottle.

Synonym(s):

Gasket

Source:

Guide No. 7 - Metallic screw capping with threaded plastic or aluminium insert for still wines

Illustration:

Liner

Additional information:

See §5.1, Figure 3, page 14 from Guide n°7 - Metallic screw capping with a threaded plastic or aluminium insert for still wines

m

Definition:

Originally MCA is an abbreviation depicting an agreement made a common neck finish design between Metal Closures Limited in the UK and Alcoa in the USA.
Initially these neck finishes were used for "one-way" bottles with aluminum caps.
The advent of the returnable bottle market in Europe led to a redesign the neck finishes to solve some weaknesses in terms of thread strength and sealing performance.
The main differences between the MCA neck finishes is related to the shape and pitch of the thread.

Source:

GME32.00 - MCA finishes

Illustration:

MCA

Related term(s):

Roll on MCA finish

Definition:

Rigid and stable container which, when filled, contains a known volume of fluid. In addition to being engraved with the nominal capacity, the measuring container bottle is also marked with the necessary filling information (fill level or brim capacity, measured at 20°C).
These bottles are regulated by decree no. 76-342 of 6 April 1976 and its implementing orders (of 22 February and 7 October 1977, amended by the order of 28 August 1987).
These texts incorporate into French national law the requirements of Community Directive 75/107/EEC of 19 December 1974.

Synonym(s):

MCB

Source:

DT02.00 - Standard tolerances for glass bottle

Additional information:

See Community Directive 75/107/EEC of 19 December 1974 from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:31975L0107

n

Definition:

In the glass bottling industry, NNPB stands for "Narrow Neck Press and Blow." It is a specific manufacturing process used to produce glass containers, such as bottles and jars, with narrow necks, typically used for products like beverages, condiments, and pharmaceuticals.

The NNPB process involves several steps:

Blank Manufacturing: Molten glass is formed into parison blanks, which are essentially preforms for the bottles. These blanks are characterized by their narrow necks and a wider body.
Blank Feeding: The blanks are then fed into the individual sections of a glass bottle-forming machine.
Pressing: In the pressing stage, the blank is shaped using a plunger, which forms the narrow neck of the bottle.
Blowing: After pressing, the bottle is transferred to the blowing mold, where compressed air is used to expand and shape the body of the container.
Annealing: The newly formed bottles are annealed to relieve any internal stresses and ensure they have the desired strength and shape.

Synonym(s):

Narrow Neck Press-Blow

Source:

DT26.10 - Glossary of glass container visual critical defects for cosmetics & perfumes

Related term(s):

Overpressed finish

Definition:

In the context of a pump design for perfumes, the "Nozzle head" refers to the specific part of the pump mechanism responsible for directing and dispensing the perfume spray. It's the component that users interact with when they press or activate the pump to release the fragrance. The nozzle head is located at the top of the pump assembly, and it typically consists of the following elements:

Nozzle Opening: This is the small aperture through which the perfume is expelled when the pump is pressed. The size and shape of the nozzle opening influence the spray pattern and the volume of perfume dispensed.
Spray Pattern Modifier: Some nozzle heads feature mechanisms to modify the spray pattern of the perfume. This could include adjustments to create a fine mist, a more concentrated stream, or other variations in spray dispersion.
Actuator: The part of the nozzle head that users press or depress to activate the pump. It's usually a button or cap that initiates the spraying action.
Gasket or Seal: Often located between the nozzle head and the pump mechanism, a gasket or seal ensures that the perfume doesn't leak when not in use.

The design of the nozzle head is critical for creating a pleasant and controlled perfume spraying experience. It influences factors like the angle and coverage of the spray, the intensity of the fragrance, and how easy it is for users to operate the pump. Perfume manufacturers pay special attention to the design of the nozzle head to ensure that it meets both functional and aesthetic requirements.

Source:

Guide No.12 - Recommendation for flaconnage crimping

Illustration:

Nozzle head

Related term(s):

Actuator Flacon Flaconnage Snap-on pump

Additional information:

See §4.2, Figure 22, page 23 from Guide n°12 - Recommendation for flaconnage crimping

1 - Nozzle head

o

Definition:

Plastic closure ovalisation refers to the deformation after the closure has been moulded, assembled and packed for delivery. It does not cover any defects that may occur due to the moulding process.

Source:

FS23.00 - Plastic closure ovality guidelines

Illustration:

Ovalisation

Related term(s):

Cap shell Threaded plastic closure

Definition:

Plastic closure ovality is defined in the context of data sheet FS23.00 (below) as the difference between the maximum and minimum measured diameters of closure as defined in Figure below, and can be expressed in millimetres or as a percentage of the nominal (specified) diameter.

Source:

FS23.00 - Plastic closure ovality guidelines

Illustration:

Ovality

Related term(s):

Ovalisation

p

Definition:

The planarity of the glass finish is the variation of the distance, measured over 360 °, between the upper surface of the finish and the tangent plane of the top of the finish. Planarity non-compliance is usually a saddle-shaped deformation of the mouth, which does not allow a sufficiently tight seal.

Source:

DT15.51 - Flaconnage - Testing procedure: Glass finish planarity measurement method

Illustration:

Planarity of a glass finish

Definition:

The plug seal is used to seal the packaging. The seal is achieved by the contact / interference of the outside surface of the plug seal and the inside surface of the bottle neck (or of the body of the sport closures). Plug seals can be used on all type of closures like threaded closures, snap-on closures. In case of push-pull sport closures the plug seal on shutter and on some flip-top closures seals against the body of the sport closure.

Source:

DT23.04 - Plastic closure glossary and nomenclature

Definition:

The plunger takes up the crown from the supply system with an optional built-in magnet and holds it until it is positioned on the bottle finish. It ensures that the crown is centered on the bottle finish before crimping commences, transmits the spring load to compress the lining during the crown crimping operation and pushes the crown/bottle unit out of the throat after crimping is complete.

Synonym(s):

Ejector

Source:

Guide No. 4 - 26 mm crown capping

Definition:

Dry label that, by the intermediary of a layer of pre-coated adhesive, sticks to the surface of the product to be labelled by contact plus sufficient and uniform pressure on the whole surface of the label. It is composed of three layers:

The face material;
The adhesive layer;
The release liner.

The print substrate (or face material) is printed then die-cut at uniform intervals according to the shape of the label, the release liner (backing) then becomes the carrier that facilitates manipulation and storage in rolls of labels ready for application.

Synonym(s):

Self-adhesive label, PSL

Source:

Guidelines No. 2 - Functional specification for labelling

Related term(s):

Label panel Labelling area

Definition:

A protection bead in the context of a glass bottle finish is a functional design element that reinforces the neck of the bottle, enhancing its strength and resistance to damage. It's an important feature for ensuring the durability and integrity of the bottle while also contributing to the overall functionality and aesthetics of the packaging.

Source:

Guide No. 7 - Metallic screw capping with threaded plastic or aluminium insert for still wines

Illustration:

Protection bead

Additional information:

See §5.1, Figure 3, page 14 from Guide n°7 - Metallic screw capping with a threaded plastic or aluminium insert for still wines

Cetie Glossary: Packaging terminology

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