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FS15.00
First edition
Published on: 03/10/2023
Physical principles for containers filled with non-carbonated products
Scope of application
This fact sheet gives an overview of the physical principles which govern the behaviour of still liquids when bottled in rigid containers and the consequences in terms of head space requirements. It concerns in particular glass containers for which elastic deformation can be considered to be negligible, though some of the principles may also apply to other packaging types. Recommended head spaces for different categories of liquid in glass bottles are given in Cetie data sheet FS07.00 - DESIGN HEADSPACE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LIQUID PRODUCTS IN BOTTLES AND JARS.
Table of contents
1 Scope
2 Units
3 Definitions
3.1 Absolute pressure
3.2 Relative pressure (overpressure, gauge pressure)
3.3 Homogeneous temperature
3.4 Equilibrium pressure
3.5 Headspace
4 Pressure developed in a closed container
4.1 Thermal expansion
4.2 Thermal expansion coefficients for some products
4.3 Effect of the thermal expansion on the internal pressure
4.3.1 Case of pure water
4.3.2 Case of alcohol content
4.4 Headspace gas and dissolved gases
5 Related documents
5.1 Cetie
5.2 Other
6 Data sheet history
History
First edition: 10/2023
Contributors
ACTEGA, AMCOR FLEXIBLES CAPSULES, ARDAGH, AROL, BA GLASS, BERLIN PACKAGING, BERTOLASO, BRITISH GLAS, BUNDESVERBAND GLASINDUSTRIE E.V. (FEDERAL ASSOCIATION OF THE GERMAN GLASS INDUSTRY), CAN PACK, COCA-COLA, CSVMF (CHAMBRE SYNDICALE DES VERRERIES MÉCANIQUES), E. REMY MARTIN & CO., EMHART GLASS, ENCIRC GLASS, ETS ANDRE ZALKIN & CIE, GEORGES MONIN, GERRESHEIMER, GUALA CLOSURES, H. ERBEN LIMITED, HEINEKEN, HERTI, HEUFT SYSTEMTECHNIK, INVENTIONS, JGPC, KONATIC, KRONES, NESTLE WATERS, O-I MANUFACTURING, PELLICONI, RAMONDIN CAPSULES, RAUH, SAVERGLASS, SAZERAC, SELIG FRANCE, SOLOCAP-MAB, SUNTORY BEVERAGES & FOOD EUROPE, VERALLIA, VERBAND METALL VERPACKUNGEN, VETROPACK, VIDRALA, VINAS CONCHA Y TORO, WIEGAND-GLASHUTTENWERKE, WILLIAM GRANT AND SON'S DISTILLERS LIMITED
Document under responsibility of working group:
Cap manufacturers wg1 and glass manufacturers wg3
WG chair: Klaus DEMBSKI - BUNDESVERBAND GLASINDUSTRIE E.V. (Federal Association of the German Glass Industry)
Vice WG chair : Mr. Giuseppe MENCACCI (Process innovation manager - GUALA CLOSURES S.P.A.)
This joint group aims to coordinate the production of documentation at the junction of glass container production and closure application. It accompanies the development of documentation for glass containers for different types of closures including, but not limited to, aluminum screw caps, crown caps, and their components (liners). This joint group also provides an opportunity for cap and liners manufacturers to open discussions on specific work items of the permanent glass groups